Which Gland Secretes The Most Important Hormone Controlling Calcium Balance In The Blood?

Alternative names for parathyroid hormone

PTH; parathormone; parathyrin

What is parathyroid hormone?

The parathyroid glands are located in the neck, just behind the butterfly-shaped thyroid gland.

Parathyroid hormone is secreted from four parathyroid glands, which are modest glands in the neck, located behind the thyroid gland. Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood, largely by increasing the levels when they are as well low. It does this through its actions on the kidneys, bones and intestine:

Bones – parathyroid hormone stimulates the release of calcium from large calcium stores in the bones into the bloodstream. This increases os destruction and decreases the germination of new os.
Kidneys – parathyroid hormone reduces loss of calcium in urine. Parathyroid hormone also stimulates the production of agile vitamin D in the kidneys.
Intestine – parathyroid hormone indirectly increases calcium assimilation from food in the intestine, via its effects on vitamin D metabolism.

How is parathyroid hormone controlled?

Parathyroid hormone is mainly controlled by the negative feedback of calcium levels in the claret to the parathyroid glands. Low calcium levels in the claret stimulate parathyroid hormone secretion, whereas loftier calcium levels in the blood forestall the release of parathyroid hormone.

What happens if I take too much parathyroid hormone?

A master trouble in the parathyroid glands, producing too much parathyroid hormone causes raised calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcaemia) and this is referred to equally primary hyperparathyroidism. There is a similar but much rarer condition called tertiary hyperparathyroidism that causes hypercalcaemia due to excess parathyroid hormone production on the back drop of all four glands being overactive. Secondary hyperparathyroidism occurs in response to low claret calcium levels and is caused by other mechanisms, for instance, kidney illness and vitamin D deficiency.

Mild master hyperparathyroidism ofttimes causes few if any symptoms and is frequently diagnosed past finding a high calcium concentration on a routine blood test. Treatment may be by surgical removal of the affected gland(s) (parathyroidectomy). Further information on the symptoms for each status can be institute in the private articles.

What happens if I take too little parathyroid hormone?

Too fiddling parathyroid hormone or hypoparathyroidism, is a rare medical condition. Information technology can result in low levels of calcium in the blood (hypocalcaemia). Information technology is usually treated medically with oral calcium and vitamin D analogues simply the availability of parathyroid hormone replacement therapy may change the approach to treatment for some patients.

Final reviewed: February 2018